Tóm tắt:
Phụ nữ ngày càng có nhiều cơ hội để tham gia vào thị trường lao động và có nhiều cơ hội thăng tiến hơn. Tuy nhiên, theo kết quả khảo sát công bố của Tổ chức Lao động Quốc tế (ILO) năm 2020 thì 73% doanh nghiệp xác nhận rằng có phụ nữ nắm giữ các vị trí quản lý cấp trung nhưng chỉ có 15% nữ giới tham gia ở các vị trí lãnh đạo cấp cao. Do đó, mục tiêu của bài nghiên cứu này là nghiên cứu tác động của tỷ lệ nữ tham gia vào ban lãnh đạo (BLĐ) cấp cao, cụ thể là Ban điều hành và Hội đồng quản trị (HĐQT) đến đầu tư doanh nghiệp. Bằng việc sử dụng dữ liệu bảng của các doanh nghiệp niêm yết tại Sở Giao dịch Chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (HOSE) và Sở Giao dịch Chứng khoán Hà Nội (HNX) trong giai đoạn 2010–2021 và phương pháp hồi quy Bình phương tối thiểu tổng quát (GLS), nhóm tác giả nhận thấy rằng nữ giới tham gia vào BLĐ cấp cao càng nhiều thì đầu tư doanh nghiệp vào tài sản cố định càng được cải thiện. Điều này có thể được lý giải bởi sự tham gia của nữ giới trong BLĐ cấp cao giúp cho vai trò giám sát đầu tư được hiệu quả hơn, cho nên việc đầu tư được khuyến khích hơn để tận dụng lợi thế đó.
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Abstract:
Women have more opportunities to engage in the labour market and be promoted to senior positions. Nevertheless, findings from the International Labour Organization (ILO) 2020 survey revealed a contrasting fact. In comparison, 73% of businesses acknowledge the presence of women in middle management roles and only 15% in senior leadership positions. Therefore, this study explores the effect of female participants on firm investment in Vietnamese listed firms over the 2010–2021 period. Using the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) estimation, the regression results show that the greater the number of females on executive boards, the higher the investment firm has. The potential explanation for this result is that the higher role of female participants enhances firm investment more efficiently through the monitoring mechanism.